Aviation Legislation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Flight Legislation - Essay Example The board likewise has an obligation of ensuring there is propelled designing innovation in the flight business. Additionally, the board is qualified for keep up a serene flight industry that is satisfactory to adapt to all the necessities of war (Lawrence, 2008). The other critical significance of the Moral Board is ensuring that the airplane fabricating industry runs and works in the suggested manner. The board figures out how to order this commitment by attempted the greater part of the administration approaches identified with assembling and support of airplanes. The board is additionally qualified for ensure that there are fundamental needs and supplies to help with keeping up security everywhere throughout the nation. The other significant commitment of the Morrow Board is to make examinations on different issues that frustrate or cause horrible showing in the flight business particularly in both naval force and armed force divisions. The board is likewise qualified for make different suggestions that should be considered in the wake of weighing different feelings from various partners in the aeronautics business (Lawrence, 2008). The American government passed the Railway Labor Act in 1926 yet later made different changes on the law (Lawrence, 2008). The essentialness significance of the demonstration according to the aircraft business is that it manages different work related issues. In addition, the demonstration additionally manages different work issues identified with the railroad ventures. The demonstration ensures the privileges of workers in the carrier business. It figures out how to achieve this commitment by giving a quiet situation in mien of questions among transporters and their representatives. The demonstration likewise figures out how to force an obligation on the two transporters and workers so as to invest sensible amounts of energy while attempting to keep up aggregate bartering understandings. The obligation assists with settling questions between the two bodies by giving different goals

Nuclear Bomb Free Essays

The development of atomic bomb has been one of the most critical occasions throughout the entire existence of mankind. It changed the direct of military fighting, yet additionally totally changed the geo-political condition by setting humanity’s level of control on its own future through coming possessing such omni intense implies that could clear out each type of life from earth for the time being. The recollections of the nuclear assault on the Hiroshima and Nagasaki have lived as a consistent token of the preeminent destruction that nuclear bombs can cause. We will compose a custom article test on Atomic Bomb or on the other hand any comparable point just for you Request Now These recollections are strengthened further by the rehashed cases of atomic testing and investigation into the creation of nuclear weapons that are significantly more remarkable and deadly in examination of their antecedents. The compatibility of the examination into nuclear and atomic weapons, or the weapons of mass devastation, has made a profound ideological and political partition on the planet. From one perspective are individuals supporting atomic weapons, contending them as basic toolsâ to keep up possibilities of worldwide harmony and furthermore as intends to guarantee the security of countries having them. While on the opposite side are individuals, who see atomic weapons innately as a danger to the endurance of humankind and crusading for a world without dread and fears; for a universe of the post atomic age where the cloak of the danger of a looming calamity is always lifted over. This paper will investigate the discussion on the atomic arrangement and significance of atomic weapons as a medium to guarantee worldwide harmony, while fundamentally assessing the contentions introduced on both the sides. It will likewise investigate the possibilities of an atomic free world and the dreams such world involves for humankind. Building an atomic teaching The discussion on the plausibility and utility of atomic weapons has seethed since the day the primary military utilization of atomic weapons was accounted for on sixth August, 2006â (Katz, 1987). The standard contention of the promoters of atomic regulation have focused on the hindrance impact of the atomic weapons against any potential assault or danger of animosity (Franklin, 1991). One of the most every now and again refered to model is that of pretended by atomic weapons in carrying a quick end to the Second World War, with least conceivable setback all the while (Graham, 2005). They truly contend that without the strikes, Japan would have kept on battling till the last man down, taking up the quantity of setbacks on the two sides just as war uses to gigantic levels (Franklin, 1991). From that point forward, the atomic regulation has been strictly joined in the resistance technique of each significant country, with enormous writing made to refer to the totally need and certainty of atomic weapons as the main conceivably approach to guarantee worldwide harmony and a war free world (Franklin, 1991). Post the finish of the Cold War advocates of the atomic approach have additionally contended the need of compelling atomic arrangement, particularly in the perspective on the perils posted by spilling of atomic weapons in the hands of a portion of the non capable countries (Graham, 2005). In any case, the convention of atomic prevention has been seriously charged by the pundits for its deficiencies and tight dreams that it take of nuance of world geo-legislative issues and the excessively shortsighted manner by which it treats the topic of discouragement and worldwide harmony (Gottemoeller, 2002 ). Atomic arrangement and the race on working up atomic arms stockpile have been scrutinized from moral, good, political, handy and key perspective over the greater part a century, particularly with regards to the cutting edge history of mankind that has been destroyed by unfathomable detestations of wars and destruction in the twentieth century (Muller, 2004). Masterminds, erudite people and researchers and numerous military specialists have firmly contended for an atomic free world, in light of the solid premises that harmony is difficult to accomplish from those devices that have ability to totally crush life (Cimbala and Scouras, 2002; Cortright, 1999). Their contention is influential to reason as it is unexpected as an idea and hypothesis to accomplish harmony by devastation. The main plausible path by which atomic weapons can bring harmony is through finished obliteration of individuals, making a reality where no life would exists to strife and contend. Indeed, even the historical backdrop of the post atomic world doesn't rouse any trust in the adequacy of atomic weapons as an obstacle (Graham, 2005). In over sixty years after the finish of Second World War, incalculable clashes and at any rate three wars of worldwide extent, including countries furnished with atomic force have gave a false representation of the hypothesis that atomic weapons can go about as any potential obstruction to wars (Cimbala and Scouras, 2002). It just makes a peril in acceleration of dangers of atomic arm race, where countries without atomic weapons are attempting to have these pined for methods for mass pulverization, to make a universe of atomic shared implosion (Franklin, 2002). It’s a reality that innovation can not be restricted as a privilege to a set number of countries, as the this risky innovation spreads out, there are each potential possibilities that it tends to be used by sooner or later of time, by some flighty and untouchable system to make a devastation of unmatched extent (Muller, 2004). The hypothesis of atomic discouragement likewise looses its validity even with ascent of psychological oppression as the new threat confronting the new world (Graham, 2005). Atomic prevention didn't go about as any obstacle to the assault on the World Trade Centers in 2001, or in London shelling in 2006. On the opposite they make another and interminably increasingly ground-breaking danger where conceivable expansion of atomic weapons to fear based oppressor gatherings can endanger the whole idea of national safeguard systems of numerous countries. End Atomic weapons can not go about as intends to accomplish worldwide harmony. They are weapons of mass devastation, weapons that can murder hundred of thousands of individuals in a flash, wrecking human advancements to clean, deserting demise and a scarred earth that would be inhabitable for some ages. This path of death can not be a harbinger of harmony. Worldwide harmony must be accomplished by efficient finish of atomic munititions stockpiles, and carefully forbidding the examination, testing and ownership of atomic weapons. Reference H. Bruce Franklin. 1991.The Nightmare Considered: Critical Essays on Nuclear War Literature.: Nancy Anisfield †editorial manager. Bowling Green State University Popular Press. Bowling Green, OH. Gottemoeller. Rose. 2002. Strategic Nuclear Weapons: Time for Control. Taina Susiluoto †editorial manager. Joined Nations Institute for Disarmament Research. Spot of Publication: Geneva. Milton S. Katz. 1987. Boycott the Bomb: A History of SANE, the Committee for a Sane Nuclear Policy. Praeger. New York. Richard R. Muller. 2004. Getting Mad: A Nuclear Mutual Assured Destruction, Its Origins and Practice. Henry D. Sokolski †editorial manager. Key Studies Institute. Carlisle Barracks, PA. Stephen J. Cimbala and Scouras, J.â 2002. A New Nuclear Century: Strategic Stability and Arms Control. Praeger. Westport, CT. Thomas Graham Jr. 2005. Sixty Years After Hiroshima, A Nuclear Era. Current History. Research Library Core. David Cortright. 1999. Boycott the Bomb. Sojourner. Humanities Module.  Step by step instructions to refer to Nuclear Bomb, Essay models

How to De-Stress for Cheap

How to De-Stress for Cheap How to De-Stress for Cheap How to De-Stress for CheapA lavish spa weekend might be super relaxing, but going into debt to pay for it will only cause more stress in the long run.A new year is here! And while it brings the potential for positive changes and opportunities, the stresses of 2018 are riding into 2019 right along with you. Sadly stress does not work on Cinderella rules: It won’t just turn into a pumpkin when the clock strikes midnight.Thankfully there are many options for dealing with stress. You could get massages and the full spa treatment every day; you can quit your job and just take a tour of the most relaxing all-inclusive resorts around the world. But unless you have Scrooge McDuck-levels of money,  you might need to seek some more affordable options to de-stress.Thankfully, those options exist! Treating yourself every now and then is important, but spending beyond your means to do so is going to leave you with a lot more stress in the long run. (You know what doesnt  relieve stress? Having to take out several predatory bad credit loans to make ends meet.)Here are some ways to break through your stress without also breaking your entire bank account. Get a hobby.Wait a minute! Get a hobby? So in order to lower your stress … you should become even busier?!It all depends on what you’re busy with. Certain activities can be very therapeutic. But don’t just take our word for it!“Your accountant might not realize this, but you can seriously lower your stress with a satisfying hobby,” explained Yocheved Golani, life coach and writer/editor at E-Counseling.com (@ecounselingcom). “Theres even evidence that gardening adds years to a persons life. Thats much more fun than having a heart attack or a stroke, and way more affordable.Novice gardeners and even some pros use cuttings that they trade with each other for no charge. Broken bits of plants lying about can be rooted, as can the tips of root vegetables cut off from the stuff that went into your salad or soup.All t his costs only a mere bit of water and some cheap plastic pot, or a ceramic one lying around taking up space. Add plenty of free sunshine. Sacks of soil are quite affordable, so have a go at gardening and see how much money you save on your grocery bills.”Get into nature.Nature used to be the primary source of stress for our ancestors. Without supermarkets or animal control, you were constantly in danger of starving or becoming a meal yourself. These days, however, very few Americans are living off the grid and nature can actually reduce the stress of the daily grind.“A great substitute for a massage or spa is to get into nature,” advised Susan Petang, stress management coach at TheQuietZoneCoaching.com (susanpetang). “Take a walk in a park, the woods, or at the beach. Observe everything around you. Is the sun out? Do you hear birds chirping? What do they sound like? Look at tree bark. Watch the waves. Listen to them crash on the beach. Really see and hear your environment, and find the wonder in it.”Volunteer.Removing stress from others can take stress away from yourself as well.“Other affordable and no-cost ways to lower stress include volunteering for causes that you admire,” suggested Golani. “Become a Big Brother or Sister, dole out servings in a soup kitchen, and check out the emotionally pleasing displays when you help out in museums or libraries. Seek out volunteer opportunities with your place of worship, too.”Meditate.Close your eyes, center yourself, and slowly breath in and out in a rhythmic fashion. Now open your eyes again so you can continue reading the article.“The scientific evidence shows that meditation actually can reduce stress!” offered mindfulness trainer and author Joy Rains (@joy_rains). “The practice of meditation helps you respond to lifes events consciously, rather than react unconsciously. This can go a long way towards reducing stress.For example, if you are waiting in line to pay for your purchases and som eone cuts in front of you, rather than going into an immediate stress-related reaction (such as shouting ‘How dare you cut in front of me! Ive been waiting 20 minutes!’), meditation can help you notice events without having such a strong emotional reaction. You may be able to calmly say to the encroacher, ‘Excuse me please, people are waiting in line here. Please step to the back of the line.’“Practicing meditation doesnt have to take long; simply sit in a quiet place for a few minutes, close your eyes and bring all your attention to your breath, noticing your chest rising and falling, or noticing the coolness of the air when you inhale and its warmth when you exhale. Any time your mind wandersâ€"which may be every second or two for beginnersâ€" gently bring your attention back to your breath. This practice, even if done for a few minutes a day, can help recharge and center you.”Get to smellin’.“Stop and smell the roses” isn’t just a saying!“Aromatherapy seems to be everywhere these days!” Ruth Klein (@RuthKlein), author of The De-Stress Diva’s Guide to Life, told us. “You don’t need to join an essential oil subscription service or anything crazy like that, but there are lovely de-stress aromatherapy options out on the market right now that fit any budget.Check out your grocery store’s bath and body or first aid section for options. For an even more wallet-friendly option, dry some flowers and make a potpourri sachet that you can tuck in your bag for the day. Whenever you’re feeling stressed out, take a deep inhale and focus on the scent.”Get clean.Not everyone has a bath. But if you have a bath, consider taking a bath?“Take a bath,” suggested Dana Horner, founder of Whole Body Herbs. Things to add that wont break the bank (or even make a dent): Epsom salt, flower petals from the garden (roses), bubbles, bath bombs, a few drops of essential oils, oatmeal. Does the thought of cleaning the tub afterward stress you out? Put the flowers, oatmeal and other things that wont dissolve into a cloth bag and either run the bath water over them or let it steep in the tub with you.”There are also the tried and true classics to consider like spending time with loved ones and exercising. Once you start thinking of de-stressing as a necessary part of your life, you’ll be able to tackle your other required activities more effectively.To learn more about saving money on everyday activities, check out  these related posts and articles from OppLoans:6 Ways to Keep Your Home Warm for LessThe Broke Person’s Guide to Dating7 Tips for Eating Out on the Cheap50 Places That Will Give You Free Stuff on Your BirthdayWhats your favorite way to relax on the cheap?  Let us know! You can find us  on  Facebook  and  Twitter.ContributorsYocheved Golani  is a popular writer whose byline has appeared worldwide in print and online. A certified Health Information Management professional, she is a member of Get Help Israel. Certif ied in Spiritual Chaplaincy (End of Life issues) and in counseling skills, her life coaching for ill people puts healthy perspective into a client’s success plan for achieving desired goals.Whole Body Herbs was started in 2016 in Los Angeles County. In addition to making high quality, small-batch herbal products, the founder Dana Horner began seeing clients one-on-one, taking a healing journey with them, digging into the root of their health concerns, and finding ways to aid the body in healing itself. Dana is a Certified Herbalist and uses a combination of customized herbal formulas, supplements, dietary analysis and daily, lifestyle practices to help clients be their most vital self possible.As an award-winning entrepreneur, soul-centered coach and 6-time bestselling author,  Ruth Klein (@RuthKlein) used the power of Brand Influencer Positioning to build a 7-figure enterprise. The Wall Street Journal refers to her as “The Marketing Maven for Business.” An international speak er who holds Masters Degrees in Clinical Psychology and Spiritual Psychology, Ruth has been quoted and featured in national and international media â€" including O: The Oprah Magazine, The Wall Street Journal, Prevention, Chicago Tribune and on all major networks. Over the past five years alone, her clients have generated over $10 million using her Winning Branding Strategies. As a media expert and award-winning speaker, Ruth teaches her clients how to engage and connect with their audiences authentically and organically.Susan Petang (susanpetang) is a Certified Mindful Lifestyle Stress Management Coach, and author of The Quiet Zone Mindful Stress Management for Everyday People.  The Quiet Zone Coaching program was developed as the result of her own anxiety survival, and experience managing the stress of daily life.  She is the mother of four and lives in New York.Joy Rains (@joy_rains) is a mindfulness trainer and author of Meditation Illuminated: Simple Ways to Manage Your Busy Mind, a primer for beginning meditators. You can find more information on www.JoyRains.com.

The Growth And Dynamics Of Bangladesh Research - 1311 Words

Abstract The present paper is a Scientometric Study of agriculture research in Bangladesh during the year 1973 to 2015. The study attempts to examine the distribution of journal articles/ papers (age-wise, year-wise, and article-wise), authorship pattern, subject, language, and geographical distribution. The web of Science Citation Index used to determine the scattering of journal articles in the publication pattern on the LISTA database. There †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. papers in all, and these were published in more than †¦.. scholarly journals. The scope of the paper is limited to study the growth and dynamics of Bangladesh research output in agriculture research. Results indicate that majority of articles published during the year 2009-2011 and focus mainly on academic education. International Information Library Review has published greater number of articles on agriculture research. Keywords: Bangladesh Agricultural Research, mapping, Scientro-metric Introduction: The invention of agriculture is one of the greatest revolutions of human history. Agriculture is regarded as the lifeline of Economy in many countries. It is also an important social sector concerned with issues like food and nutritional security, income generation and poverty reduction. The availability of nutritional adequacy of food has been driving forces for human evolution and civilization. Agriculture is a dynamic sector in Bangladesh which needs regular adaptation of new farm technologies in order to meet theShow MoreRelatedInformation And Communications Technologies ( Icts )1508 Words   |  7 Pageswomen education rate job participation is growing gradually in Bangladesh, women’s participations contributions in decision-making male-dominated ICT environment are of growing importance.It is revealed by this paper that the knowledge revolution, led by information and communication technology, lies at the heart of economic development of Bangladesh, especially for the neglected rural women. As half of the population of Bangladesh is women 80% of women live in pastoral area. As maximum womenRead MoreUniversity of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical800 Words   |  4 PagesUniversity of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Technology Master of Science (with thesis) 2007 (Held in 2008 Bachelor of Science (four years honors) 2008 (Held in 2010) Emphasis: Physical Chemistry, Polymer Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Chemical Technology PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka, Bangladesh Scientific Officer, Nuclear and Radiation Chemistry Division September 2012 - PresentRead MoreClimate Model Used Projected Climate Data From The Outputs Of The Hadley Centre Couple Model822 Words   |  4 Pagesthe outputs of GFDL2.1 (Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory, version 2.1, USA) and HADCM3 (The Hadley Centre Coupled Model, version 3, UK) GCM models under the IPCC SRES A1B scenario. GFDL GCMs model having 2.5oÃâ€"2.5o resolution and HADCM3 GCMs ran with 2.8 °Ãƒâ€"2.8 ° resolution were utilized in this study. The main advantage of using two GCMs model is that these can be used in agricultural crop production assessment in many parts of the world including Bangladesh (Rimi et al. 2009; Karim et al. 2012).Read MoreIct Ensuring The Women Participation1272 Words   |  6 Pagestransition from agrarian to industrial economy, Bangladesh must create and exploit knowledge through the widespread use and application of ICT ensuring the women participation. ICTs have the potent ial to support the development strategy of â€Å"leapfrogging† i.e., bypassing heavy infrastructure building it is possible for a developing economy to transform itself directly into a knowledge economy women empowerment should be enhanced by using this dynamic means. For example, during the last half of theRead MoreCentral Bank And The Role Of The Bank Of Formulating Monetary Policy And Its Management Essay1312 Words   |  6 Pagesguide the economy of a country. Monetary policy is defined as the regulation of the money supply and interest rates by a central bank. Monetary policy also refers to how the central bank use the interest rates and the money supply to guide economic growth and control inflation and stabilizing currency. Central bank is one kind of bank that operates in the financial system. Bank is a financial institution that provides service that is related to money. It works as a financial intermediary. The bankingRead MoreShop N Save : Market Share Of Differe nt Super Market1508 Words   |  7 PagesDifferent Super Market Since the inception of Agora’s journey in 2001, the Bangladeshi supermarket sector has taken a steady and assuring stride forward. After 12 years and with 107 stores, the domestic industry now stands at around BDT 1,500 crore. As Bangladesh shifts towards the middle income status, all the subsequent advantages, such as higher income per capita and urbanization will further expedite the industry’s profitability. According to the BSOA (Business Supermarkets Owners’ Association), currentlyRead MoreOutline Of A Business Plan1777 Words   |  8 Pages IMRAN KAISAR TALUKDAR C0206VSAVSA0614 TABLE OF CONTENT INTRODUCTION: 2 ABOUT LUCOZADE: 4 ANALYSIS: 5 TARGET MARKET: 6 Who will buy the product? 7 Why do they buy? 7 GROWTH OPPORTUNITY 8 REFRENCES: 10 Internet Sources: 10 â€Æ' INTRODUCTION: Marketing is a powerful tool for any business. If the product marketing is up to the mark then the product will easily success in the market. It is a process of communicating the valueRead MoreEXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The report basically highlights on how the pharmaceutical industry of India1400 Words   |  6 PagesEXECUTIVE SUMMARY: The report basically highlights on how the pharmaceutical industry of India works and its dynamics. The report also highlights about the Indian and global scenarios of pharmaceuticals industry and thereby comparison of those two. It comprises of analysing the industry by PEST, SWOT, PORTER’S five force model and HHI. It explains the current scenario of the industry in terms of growth and future outlook of the industry and opportunities. The Indian pharmaceutical industry has been growingRead MorePersonal Statement Of Purpose For A Student s Office Room1492 Words   |  6 PagesWhat I learned from my first term result of UG studies, was more important than only a good result. It was the confidence and belief that â€Å"I can†. In my childhood, my father was an employee at â€Å"Iram Motors Ltd.†, a distributor of Mercedes-Benz in Bangladesh. I fell in love with various models of cars by going through the attractive magazines of this automobile company brought home by my father. Later in 2002, the company was shut down and my father lost his job. I saw my father struggling very hardRead MoreProspects Ict in Bangladesh5251 Words   |  22 PagesICT-Driven Knowledge Economy in Bangladesh 1. Introduction Information and Communication Technologies (herein referred to as ICT) consist of hardware, software, networks, and media for collection, storage, processing transmission, and presentation of information in the form of voice, data, text, and images. They range from the telephone, radio and television to the Internet (World Bank 2003a, and 2003b). Today’s economy depends on the increased flow of ideas and information across firms

Cognitive Dissonance - 1475 Words

Cognitive Dissonance Cognitive Dissonance Consistency, the absence of contradictions, has sometimes been called the hallmark of ethics. Ethics is supposed to provide an individual with a guide for moral living, and to do so it must be rational, and to be rational it must be free of contradictions. When consistency and ethics are compromised, this is known as cognitive dissonance. Leon Festinger shared his brilliance with the world when he created the Cognitive Dissonance theory. Cognitive dissonance refers to a situation involving conflicting attitudes, beliefs, or behaviors (McLeod, 2008). Cognitive dissonance produces an uncomfortable tension of discomfort leading to an alteration in one of the attitudes, beliefs,†¦show more content†¦Many individuals choose to be dishonest because of the lack of mindfulness in their spiritual walk. Mindfulness is a factor grounded in beliefs that there are many connections between the mind, body, and soul. This individual does not have the connections with himself or herself to say lying is wrong and that the consequences could end his or her career. This factor leads to extrasensory perception, which is a level of psychic awareness. This factor is often known as the sixth sense. â€Å"Human beings can attain a worthy and harmonious life only if they are able to rid themselves, within the limits of human nature, of the striving for the wish fulfillment of material kinds. The goal is to raise the spiritual values of society.† Albert Einstein. Reciprocal Relationship between Behavior and Attitudes Myers (2010) explains how attitudes and behaviors differ from one another. Attitudes are defined as a reaction toward someone or something based on beliefs and behaviors are defined as the actions taken based on certain beliefs; however, those actions taken may not be a predicator of attitudes (Myers, 2010). People are strongly influenced by the world around them, and the behaviors they exhibit are based on those social infl uences. For example, according to purpleslinky.com (2011), the top reasonsShow MoreRelatedCognitive Dissonance1266 Words   |  6 PagesCognitive Dissonance Cognitive Dissonance or mental stress which is primarily caused by contradictory beliefs, can be a common part of some peoples life’s however we are psychologically motivated to avoid situations which cause mental stress. This paper will discuss a situation and the behavior using attribution theory, the reciprocal relationship between behavior and attitudes as well as how cognitive dissonance theory could be used to rationalize the behavior. Situation and Subsequent Behavior Read MoreCognitive Dissonance1161 Words   |  5 PagesPsych Cognitive Dissonance Cognitive dissonance theory has been around since the late fifties. It has inspired many psychologists to figure out the murky depths of people’s minds. The theory relates strongly to decision making, social phenomenons and mental angst. Many paradigms exist within cognitive dissonance. Two important paradigms are the Belief Disconfirmation paradigm and the Free Choice paradigm. There are several experiments that have been studied that relate to cognitive dissonance, includingRead More Cognitive Dissonance Essay1280 Words   |  6 Pagessocial event. While deciding to go to the party instead, it leads me in a state of tension as the party time can be well spent on studying for the final exam next morning. This state of uneasiness or tension is easily understood as Cognitive Dissonance. Cognitive Dissonance Theory, developed by Leon Festinger (1957), is concerned with the relationships among cognitions (Festinger, 1957). In this context, cognition can be perceived as a piece of knowledge that may inscribe an element of an attitude,Read MoreCognitive Dissonance Theory1621 Words   |  7 Pagescreated the cognitive dissonance theory as an attempt to explain why people desire to have consistency between their behaviors and actions. Cognitive dissonance is the distressing mental state people feel when they find themselves doing things that don’t fit with what they know, or having opinions that do not fit with other opinions they hold (Festinger, 1957; as cited in Griffin, 2009). Thus, people are motivated to change either their behavior or their belief when feelings of dissonance arise. Read MoreCognitive Dissonance Paper1671 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The words Cognitive Dissonance were fascinatingly interesting; therefore more research went into the origin of these two words. Both words are Middle English, which was the English in use from 12th to 15th centuries and both used in the 15th century [ (Merriam-Webster, 2011) ]. Cognitive is an adjective meaning, there is physical activity involving the mind; be it: thinking, reasoning or remembering. Dissonance is a noun meaning, when there is a tug-of- war between one’s actions andRead MoreAssignment on Cognitive Dissonance1417 Words   |  6 PagesTheory Paper on Cognitive Dissonance Theory â€Å"Sometimes people hold a core belief that is very strong. When they are presented with evidence that works against that belief, the new evidence cannot be accepted. It would create a feeling that is extremely uncomfortable, called cognitive dissonance. And because it is so important to protect the core belief, they will rationalize, ignore and even deny anything that doesn t fit in with the core belief.† ― Frantz Fanon, Black Skin, WhiteRead More Cognitive Dissonance Theory Essay1027 Words   |  5 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The theory of Cognitive Dissonance states that when individuals are presented with information that implies we act in a way that contradicts our moral standards, we experience discomfort (Aronson, Wilson, and Akert, 1998, P. 191). This is considered Cognitive Dissonance, A psychological term used to describe mental conflict that occurs when beliefs or assumptions are contradicted by new information; arouses unease or tension; relieved by one of several defensive maneuvers:Read MoreCognitive Dissonance And Its Effect On Behavior1654 Words   |  7 PagesPeople experience cognitive dissonance when they perceive that there is a mismatch between their attitudes and behaviors. Because we are motivated to keep our cognitions consistent, the inconsistency brought about by dissonance becomes a drive that must be reduced. This is done by changing either the attitude or the behavior such that they may accurately align with each other. Eventually, the New Look model to dissonance will shift the causal path to an explanation using avoidance of aversive consequencesRead MoreThe Theory of Cognitive Dissonance Essay example877 Words   |  4 Pagestheory of cognitive dissonance started as a very simple observation by Leon Festinger that people do not like to deal with inconsistency. This simple observation led to the development of a theory that became very controversial, and it would be this controversy that propelled the theory forward. Many years of research has led to many different ideas of what cognitive dissonance really is and why it actually occurs. Festinger developed the term cognitions while developing his theory on cognitive dissonanceRead MoreActions Caused by Cognitive Dissonance Essay919 Words   |  4 PagesFestinger’s cognitive dissonance theory that asserts that we act to reduce discomfort or dissonance, an unpleasant tension, we experience when two of our thoughts or cognitions are inconsistent. Mkimmie, et al. (2003) investigated the impact of social support on cognitive dissonance arousal in their experiment, â€Å"I’m a Hypocrite, but So Is Everyone Else: Group Support and the Reduction of Cognitive Dissonance.† The psychologists aimed to test the impact of social support on dissonance by testing two

Educating Multicultural Curriculum Reform School...

According to James A. Banks in â€Å"Approaches to Multicultural Curriculum Reform†, school curriculums are largely biased towards the views of Americans with European heritage, which is distorting the worldviews of American students and severely under representing minorities. A multi-cultural approach to instruction is needed to help decrease, and eliminate the justification of, the feeling of superiority felt among many white Americans. First, Banks supports his opinion by discussing the negative impact a mainstream-centric curriculum has on multicultural students, as well as white students. (p. 242). He points out that the lack of multicultural acknowledgement is not isolated to just classrooms, also being present in historical markers and museums. (p. 244) Along with public misconceptions, some teachers present watered down versions of tough material such as the story of Christopher Columbus. (p. 245) Many students of color feel misrepresented, or undervalued due to the content of the curriculum found in many schools. (p. 243) Then, Banks says that although change has been promoted it has been slow to manifest itself in most classrooms. (p. 244) Attempts have been made since the civil rights movement to create a more multicultural viewpoint in the classroom (p. 244), but some feel those changes challenge conventional thinking and may be looked at by some as a threat to American thoughts and values. (p. 245) Three views are identified when it comes to howShow MoreRelatedFundamentals of Hrm263904 Words   |  1056 Pagesyou your students need to get started www.wileyplus.com/firstday Student support from an experienced student user Ask your local representative for details! Collaborate with your colleagues, find a mentor, attend virtual and live events, and view resources www.WhereFacultyConnect.com Pre-loaded, ready-to-use assignments and presentations www.wiley.com/college/quickstart Technical Support 24/7 FAQs, online chat, and phone support www.wileyplus.com/support Your WileyPLUS Account Manager

Economic Analysis Consumption Of Gambling †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Economic Analysis Consumption Of Gambling? Answer: Introducation The addiction to poker machines gambling is a big societal problem in Australian society. Australia has more poker machines a person than any economy in the world, excluding casino-tourism destination including Macau and Monaco. Australia has close to 200,000 poker machines-one for every one-hundred and fourteen individuals following the wave of pokie liberalization in the course of 1990s that saw machines ushered in pubs and clubs in each state and territory with an exception of Western Australia. The minimum current annual losses on pokies in clubs and pubs for Australia amount to 638 dollars per adult with highest losses witnessed in NSW at 978 dollars an adult while Tasmania recording the lowest per adult at 283 dollars- though casinos play a key role in Tasmania. Such statistics remain extremely high by world standards. The Australian losses on pokies outside of casinos dwarf the losses of any other comparable economy. [1] These loses are 2.40 times higher than the ones for Italy, Australias closest rival. Surprisingly, these numbers remain even extremely anomalous in comparison to non-casino gambling machines observed in other English-speaking economies. Australia lose 3-times more than New Zealanders, 4.10-times more than Canadians, 7.50-times more than British, 9.80-times more than Americans and 6.40-times more than Irish. The problem is even more compounded as some have reported having lost their children to pokies triggering endless calls to reduce the pokie machines as gambling problems linked to pokie machines spirals. Many have struggled to battle the fierce addiction to poker machines as families are left torn apart due to gambling. The pokie machines have been said for addiction since they affect the brain like the drugs as the designers ensure the machines are created in a manner that gamblers stay on as long as feasible leaving them in a hypnotic state on pokie machines. The state regulators and Federal Government have only focused on problem gambling and hence solely look at people who have fallen off a cliff already. The NSW for example, has of Australias pokie machines and 10% of total globally, at about 95,000. Gamblers sometimes feed in as much as 7,000 dollars into just a single pokie machine, with roughly 8.270 billion dollars gambled on these machines in Fairfield and 80.0 billion dollars gambled across NSW in the 2015/2016. This stood at about 55% of the national total gambled on these machines that stood at 135.70 billion dollars in 2014/2015. Gambling is indeed a societal problem due to its spill overs. For every problem gambler for example, 6 individuals are affected whereas for every moderate risk gambler, around 3 people remain impacted and for every low-risk gambler, one individual is adversely impacted. The Productivity Commission puts the social costs linked to gambling at 4.70 billion dollars per year. The Productivity Commission inquiry holds that in the presence of such an enormous social cost linked to gambling, the policy measures culminating in modest decrease in gambling might be essentially worthwhile. [2] Pokies are designated to take gamblers money as the machines remain cleverly designated to earn revenue for the owners of the venue, not to provide any win for the gamblers. The structure as well as the design of a poker machine is capable of tricking the gambler into thinking that he is not betting much money and hence lacks anything to lose. A single cent machine remains a typical example. Such machines disrupts the financial judgment of the gamble about how much is really being lost, by making it seem like only a small amount of money is involved. Gambling has further culminated in social and economic costs to individuals and families alongside communities. These cost include traffic congestion, environmental effects, demand for additional public infrastructure/services (fire protection, police, roads, and schools), increased crime, local residents displacement, problem /pathological gambling. Problem gambling contributes to bad debts and bankruptcy thereby increasing the cost of credit throughout the Australian economy. Description of the Relevant Economic Theory to Explain the Effects of Gambling on Economic Efficiency Overconsumption of gambling remains a serious threat to the Australian economy prosperity. The problem remains compounded by the difficulty to determine or set the safe levels of gambling, where individuals can enjoy gambling recreation without causing themselves/others harms via overspending. Overconsumption of gambling is not only non-entertaining but also harmful to both gamblers and others by extension of their addiction. [3] Overconsumption of gambling products is called problem gambling as people with such a problem tend to consume too much additional products that trigger some harms including unhealthy food, tobacco, and alcohol alongside illicit substance. Such an overconsumption can lead to the destruction of an individuals physical health as well as mental well-being. The economic analysis of overconsumption of gambling will be underpinned by gambling cost/benefit analysis as the economic theory. This analytical method will remain a correct theoretical economic model for this economic analysis when explained on the basis of economic relevant economic terminology. The overconsumption of gambling can best be understood with respect to both social and economic costs. The phrase costs is used here to encompass the negative consequences of pathological/problem gambling for the gamblers, their immediate social environments as well as the larger society/community. Accordingly, the fundamental policy question here becomes whether the gambling benefits or the costs are enormous and by how much. This theoretically can be determined with benefit-cost analysis model already identified. Complicating this analysis, nonetheless, is the fact that social as well as economic effects remains extremely difficult to measure. [4] This is specifically true for the intangible social costs like emotional pain and additional losses experienced by pathological/problem gamblers members of the family, and the employees productivity losses who are problem/pathological gamblers. The beneficial effects can as well be challenging to measure and, as with costs, are able to vary in kind and magnitude crossways time and venues of gambling together with as kind of gambling. [5] It remains imperative to ask the fundamental benefit against cost question for every form of gambling in this case, pokie machine, and consider such economic factors as real costs against economic transfers, direct and indirect effects, tangible and intangible effects, future and present values, losses and gains witnessed by various cohorts in array of settings. The cost and benefits of problem gambling must be considered in the footing of the entire effects of gambling on the society. [6] From above analysis of the social costs and social benefits of the overconsumption, it is apparent that it leads to negative externalities and hence market failure or economic inefficiency. [7]The social cost surpasses the social benefits due to spillages from pokie machine gambling that are designed to take money from the gamblers as only the private owners of the venues benefit at the expense of the society. The gamblers are overconsuming the products or services for which no appropriate compensation is paid. [8] In this sense, the negative externality created occurring outside of the market by affecting individuals (family members, community) indirectly involved in production/consumption of the gambling services also called spill-over effects. In this sense, the social costs will surpass private cost leading to over-consumption of gambling products as the venue holders acquire more machines by ignoring the externalities. The external cost will arise from the overconsumption leading to consumption externalities that are generated and subsequently received in consumption. These negative consumption externalities culminate to a situation whereby the social benefits of consumption becomes less than the private benefit. Critical Analysis to Move towards the Socially Optimal Level of Poker Machine Gambling (i) Pigouvian Tax Policy Overview A Pigouvian tax is that which is imposed on anything, activity, or product which has a social cost. The common Pigouvian taxes include tax on gambling establishments. [9] How it work to reduce gambling The Pigouvian taxes need to be imposed on poker machine activities to weaken its external-cost. The tax will lift the social-welfare in external and local communities via poker machine with gamblers incurring particular private-losses as a result of corresponding tax-burdens. Tax will alleviate the unbalanced growth of biased gaming through resource reallocation, and thus improving the ToT (terms of trade) for enhancement of local welfare via gambling. [10] Where taxes are collected from poker machine venue owners but not refunded fully, domestic tax policy will play the double roles of decreasing social cost as well as generation of public revenue. The importance of Poker Machine Pigouvian taxation for preventing the exported social-cost from returning to hurting domestic economy, for extremely much these exportation could provoke restrictions on visa policy by gamblers native communities. The above diagram illusrates Pigouvian tax. The marginal benefit curve (MB) denotes marginal benefit of poker machine owner for each level of production that diminishes as amount of output rises. The marginal private cost curve (MPC) indicates marginal cost (MC) of venue owners of poker machine as output sales. The more poker machines produces, the more it causes negative externality to gamblers, community and familiy members thus the greater negative effects denoted by marginal damge curve (MD). Marginal social cost (MSC) denotes the total marginal cost for entire society, and remains construced by summing up private cost (direclt translatig to greater prices) and social costs. The Pigouvian tax will thus be imposed to eliminate the engative externality denoted by E thereby reducing output to Qs from QA increasing price to Ps, the socilaly efficinet equilibrium. [11] Potential strengths and limitations The strength is that it is considered win-win policy since not only does it discourage unhealthy behavior, it helps pay for such behavior consequences. It levies a tax equal to externalized costs thus corrects the negative externality A limitation is that it is ineffective in presence of social cost problem since negative externality does not essentially culminate in an inefficient outcome and Pigouvian tax does not tend to an efficient outcome (ii) Quota on Poker Machines Policy Overview This is a trade-restriction imposed by government thereby limiting the quantity/monetary value, of products/services which can be exported or imported in the course of a specific time period. They can be imposed on particular service/goods to reduce imports hence increasing local production thus helping in the protection of production/consumption by restricting foreign competition. The quota amount impossed above is denoted by Q2 to Q3 making the domestic output share to increase to 0 to Q2, plus Q3 to Q4 as shown below: This quota establsihes a relative shortage of gumbling servies and drives price to P2 and total output diminishing to Q4. How it work to reduce gambling Quota will reduce gambling by limiting the number of poker machine venues by imposing protective measures that focus on the provision of limits by defining quantities of a poker machines that will be accepted. Potential strengths and limitations The potential strength is that it has a precise outcome and more flexible and easy to be imposed and removed The limitation is that a quota generates no revenue to the government (iii) Non-Price Policy Policy Overview The behavior change can be used to dissuade people from participating in gambling. This will reduce the addiction from set in and hence a person will only gamble as a form of entertainment and not to get money. How it work to reduce gambling The policy will dissuade people not to participate in gambling and hence will automatically reduce it. Potential strengths and limitations The strength is that many people will stop gambling and engage in other productive activities The limitation will be that it might not convince the addicts easily and hence ineffective References Gahvari, F. (2014). Second-best pigouvian taxation: a clarification. Environmental and Resource Economics, 59(4), 525-535. https://www.pc.gov.au/inquiries/completed/gambling-2009/report Livingstone, C. (2017). Pokies, sport and racing harm 41% of monthly gamblers: survey. The Conversation, August 2. Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/pokies-sport-and-racing-harm-41-of-monthly- gamblers-survey-81486 Productivity Commission (2010) Gambling: volume 1 and 2. Report no. 50, Canberra. Raupach, M. R., Davis, S. J., Peters, G. P., Andrew, R. M., Canadell, J. G., Ciais, P., ... Le Quere, C. (2014). Sharing a quota on cumulative carbon emissions. Nature Climate Change, 4(10), 873. Rosenzweig, A. (2017). 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